Short Name:
Short name of model
Short name of model
Raven
Long Name:
Long name of model
Long name of model
Raven Hydrological Modelling Framework
Model Type: Riverine flood or urban flood or rural flash flood or urban flash flood; rainfall-only or rainfall-snowmelt derived
Riverine floods; rainfall, snowmelt, glacier melt
Flood Mechanism:
Floods; rainfall, snowmelt, glacier melt
Floods; rainfall, snowmelt, glacier melt
Pluvial, fluvial flooding, rainfall-only and/or rainfall-snowmelt flooding
Usage:
Demonstrated application purposes with emphasis on flash flood and riverine flood forecasting
Demonstrated application purposes with emphasis on flash flood and riverine flood forecasting
Used operationally for flood and reservoir inflow forecasting, water budgeting and management
Special Features:
Unique flood mechanisms, unique usage, additional special simulation purposes
Unique flood mechanisms, unique usage, additional special simulation purposes
Emulation of multiple hydrological models (e.g., GR4J, UBCWM, HBV), reservoir and lake simulation, synthetic tracers, stream temperature simulation, flexible representation of processes and modelling choices, time variable parameters, model structures can vary spatially, landcover/vegetation change.
Background:
Description of model history and background
Description of model history and background
Open-source model developed at Univeristy of Waterloo, Canada; Used by several hydropower organizations, consultants, and flood forecasting agencies across North America.
Channel Routing:
Available methods for flood wave routing
Available methods for flood wave routing
Diffusive wave, plug flow, level pool, Muskingum.
Reservoir Operation:
Available methods for reservoir routing and gate control operations if any
Available methods for reservoir routing and gate control operations if any
Stage-discharge curves, complex reservoir operating rules, multiple control structures, DTZR (Yassin et al., 2019).
Shortwave Radiation:
Available methods for shortwave radiation
Available methods for shortwave radiation
Supports radiation on sloping surface above arctic circle (Allen, Trezza & Tasumi, 2006); multiple cloud/atmos/forest cover corrections.
Longwave Radiation:
Available methods for longwave radiation
Available methods for longwave radiation
..*see manual
Precipitation:
Available methods for precipitation
Available methods for precipitation
Data provided at gauges or in gridded format.
Temperature:
Gridded temperature, interpolated temperature, and specified thermograph.
Windspeed:
Gridded windspeed, interpolated windspeed, and specified anemograph.
Pressure:
Gridded pressure, interpolated temperature, barometric pressure and specified barograph.
Dew Point:
Gridded dew point temperature, gridded humidity, interpolated dew point temperature, interpolated humidity, specified dew point thermograph, specified humidograph, and precipitation index humidity.
Evapotranspiration:
Available methods for potential evapotranspiration
Available methods for potential evapotranspiration
Data, Penman Monteith, Penman combination, Priestley-Taylor, Hargreaves (1985), Hamon (1961),Oudin et al. (2005), Turc (1961).
Discretization:
Defines how a subbasin is discretized (i.e., grid cells, lumped, etc.)
Defines how a subbasin is discretized (i.e., grid cells, lumped, etc.)
None, structured, unstructured, and file-specified.
Canopy:
Canopy methods are intended to represent plants that may intercept and store precipitation as well as extract water from the surface or soil.
Canopy methods are intended to represent plants that may intercept and store precipitation as well as extract water from the surface or soil.
Dynamic canopy, gridded simple canopy, and simple canopy.
Snowmelt:
Available methods for snow accumulation and melt
Available methods for snow accumulation and melt
Gridded temperature index, temperature index, gridded hybrid, gridded energy balance, and energy balance.
Surface:
Surface methods are intended to represent the ground surface where water may accumulate in surface depression.
Surface methods are intended to represent the ground surface where water may accumulate in surface depression.
Gridded simple surface, simple surface, dynamic surface, and gridded dynamic surface.
Infiltration:
Available methods for infiltration
Available methods for infiltration
Deficit and constant, exponential, Green and Ampt, gridded deficit and constant, gridded green and Ampt, gridded SCS curve number, gridded soil moisture accounting, initial and constant, layered Green and Ampt, SCS curve number, Smith and Parlange, and soil moisture accounting.
Surface Runoff:
Available methods for surface runoff
Available methods for surface runoff
Specified unit hydrograph, specified s-graph, Clark unit hydrograph, Snyder unit hydrograph, SCS unit hydrograph, kinematic wave, ModClark gridded, and 2D diffusion wave. Optional surface depression storage can be used with all methods.
Interflow and Baseflow:
Available methods for subsurface baseflow
Available methods for subsurface baseflow
Bounded recession, constant monthly, linear reservoir, nonlinear Boussinesq, and recession baseflow.
Input Data:
What types of input data are required for the model
What types of input data are required for the model
Meteorological gauge data or gridded data. Can work with precip/temp at a minimum OR use any user-specified forcings (wind speed, rel hum, etc)
Input Format:
What file formats can be used for input data
What file formats can be used for input data
ASCII and/or netCDF.
Input Time Interval:
What time interval is required for input data, and how are daily values utilized
What time interval is required for input data, and how are daily values utilized
Daily or subdaily, temporally downscaled/upscaled as needed.
Optimization:
What tools are available for calibration and optimization
What tools are available for calibration and optimization
Use of model-independent Ostrich parameter estimation tool recommended; example setups available.
Data Assimilation:
Can observed flow and previous forecast flow be used to update the forecast flow
Can observed flow and previous forecast flow be used to update the forecast flow
Ensemble Kalman Filter or direct insertion.
Ensemble:
Can ensemble meteorologic forecasts be used in the model What tools are available for calibration and optimization
Can ensemble meteorologic forecasts be used in the model What tools are available for calibration and optimization
Yes.
Uncertainty:
How is uncertainty represented in the outputs
How is uncertainty represented in the outputs
Deterministic
Simulation Time Interval:
What time interval is used for simulation
Any interval that evenly divides day.
Model Output Time-Series:
List the output data types produced by the model
List the output data types produced by the model
Outputs of all internal states, fluxes, and flows, as requested
Time-Series Format:
What is the file format for output time-series data
What is the file format for output time-series data
Csv, tb0, or netCDF formats.
Model Output Statistics:
What types of output statistics are available
What types of output statistics are available
20+ model quality diagnostics / goodness-of-fit metrics.
Statistics Format:
What is the file format for output statistics data
What is the file format for output statistics data
CSV table.
Inventory Platform:
Platforms from this inventory in which this model can be integrated
Platforms from this inventory in which this model can be integrated
Deltares FEWS (flood early warning system), Kisters Wiski, PAVICS.
Installation:
Difficulty level for installation and configuration
Difficulty level for installation and configuration
None required on windows; recompilation on Linux/MacOS.
User Education:
Education level recommended for users
Education level recommended for users
BSc
Degree of Difficulty:
Score from 1 (difficult) to 5 (easy) rating the overall difficulty of use
Score from 1 (difficult) to 5 (easy) rating the overall difficulty of use
3
GIS Support:
How much GIS support is included for watershed delineation and parameter estimation
How much GIS support is included for watershed delineation and parameter estimation
BasinMaker software for model discretization
Data Preparation:
What tools are included for importing and preparing time-series data
What tools are included for importing and preparing time-series data
RavenR and RavenPy software libraries available for pre- and post-processing
Land Surface Parameters:
Parameters for infiltration, surface runoff, baseflow for each catchment
Parameters for infiltration, surface runoff, baseflow for each catchment
Extensive options depending upon model structural configuration.
Parameter Estimation:
What tools are included for estimating model parameters from physical data
What tools are included for estimating model parameters from physical data
Some pedotransfer functions
Model Calibration:
What tools are included for model calibration
What tools are included for model calibration
Use of model-independent Ostrich parameter estimation tool recommended; example setups available.
Model Verification:
What tools are included for model verification
What tools are included for model verification
Reporting of diagnostic metrics against state (e.g., snow or soil moisture) and discharge observations.
Hardware Requirements:
Minimum hardware requirements
Minimum hardware requirements
None
Operating System:
Operating system – MS Windows, LINUX
Operating system – MS Windows, LINUX
Windows/Linux/Unix/MacOS
Language of Core Code:
Programming language used for the core code (e.g. Fortran, C++, Java). If workflow scripting is supported (e.g. Python) then please specify
Programming language used for the core code (e.g. Fortran, C++, Java). If workflow scripting is supported (e.g. Python) then please specify
C++
Open Source:
Open source or closed source
Open source or closed source
Yes
Last Update and Version:
Date of latest update and the version number for the release
Date of latest update and the version number for the release
V3.6 January 2023
Next Update and Version:
Date of next planned update and the version number for the release
Date of next planned update and the version number for the release
V3.6 January 2024
Active Development Community:
Is there an active developer community with regular updates and new releases?
Is there an active developer community with regular updates and new releases?
Yes
Download URL:
URL that can be used to download the software
URL that can be used to download the software
Free to Download and Use:
Is the software free to download and use?
Is the software free to download and use?
Yes
Language of Software Interface:
Languages used for the software user interface
Languages used for the software user interface
JavaScript
Online Support URL:
URL that can be used to get online support
URL that can be used to get online support
Training Material URL (including example data sets):
URL that can be used to access training material
URL that can be used to access training material
Language of Trainings:
Languages used for the training material
Languages used for the training material
English
Guidance Material URL (including case studies and benchmarking of performance/speed):
URL for case studies and examples of its use. Ideally including benchmarking of performance
URL for case studies and examples of its use. Ideally including benchmarking of performance
Language of Guidance:
Languages used for the guidance material
Languages used for the guidance material
English
References:
Reference from scientific journals or publications
Reference from scientific journals or publications
Craig, J.R., G. Brown, R. Chlumsky, W. Jenkinson, G. Jost, K. Lee, J. Mai, M. Serrer, M. Shafii, N. Sgro, A. Snowdon, and B.A. Tolson, Flexible watershed simulation with the Raven hydrological modelling framework, Environmental Modelling and Software, 129, 104728, doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104728, July 2020.
Owner, Developer:
Contact organization for the software. Could be core developer
Contact organization for the software. Could be core developer
James Craigs, University of Waterloo
jrcraig@uwaterloo.ca
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